The effect of muscle contraction headache chronicity on frontal EMG.

نویسندگان

  • E B Callon
  • P J Brantley
  • D P McAnulty
  • C D Waggoner
  • N B Rappaport
  • A J Goreczny
  • G N Jones
چکیده

y e a r s o f m u s c l e c o n t r a c t i o n h e a d a c h e a c t i v i t y was t e s t e d . T h r e e l e v e l s o f m u s c l e c o n t r a c t i o n h e a d a c h e c h r o n i c i t y (> 20 y e a r s , < 10 y e a r s , a n d n o n e ) w e r e e x a m i n e d u n d e r i m a g i n e d s t r e s s a n d a q u i z f a l s e l y p r e s e n t e d a s a m e a s u r e o f i n t e l l i g e n c e . The tw o s t r e s s c o n d i t i o n s w e re c o u n t e r b a l a n c e d a c r o s s s u b j e c t s . The t h r e e g r o u p s h a d 10 members e a c h an d w e r e e q u i v a l e n t i n a g e a n d s u b j e c t s ' r a t i n g s o f t h e l a b o r a t o r y s t r e s s o r s . P s y c h o p h y s i o l o g i c a l r e c o r d i n g s w e re d o n e d u r i n g a h e a d a c h e f r e e p e r i o d . An ANOVA i n d i c a t e d no g r o u p e f f e c t a n d no g r o u p X t r i a l s i n t e r a c t i o n . An ANCOVA show ed t h a t f r e q u e n c y o f h e a d a c h e d u r i n g t h e m onth p r i o r t o p s y c h o p h y s i o l o g i c a l r e c o r d i n g had no e f f e c t o n t h e ANOVA r e s u l t s . B a s e l i n e f r o n t a l EMG l e v e l s , r e s p o n s e s t o l a b o r a t o r y s t r e s s o r s , a n d r e c o v e r y f ro m l a b o r a t o r y s t r e s s w e r e n o t a s s o c i a t e d w i t h e i t h e r h a v i n g a h i s t o r y o f m u s c l e c o n t r a c t i o n h e a d a c h e s n o r t h e l e n g t h o f h e a d a c h e h i s t o r y . T h e s e f i n d i n g s s u g g e s t t h a t s t r u c t u r a l c h a n g e s do n o t o c c u r a s a r e s u l t o f m u s c l e c o n t r a c t i o n h e a d a c h e . The a s s u m p t i o n t h a t i n c r e a s e d m u s c u l a r r e s p o n s e s o c c u r a s a r e s p o n s e t o l i f e s t r e s s , a s s t a t e d i n t h e s t a n d a r d d e f i n i t i o n o f t h i s t y p e o f h e a d a c h e , i s q u e s t i o n a b l e i f t h e r e i s a p o s i t i v e c o r r e l a t i o n b e t w e e n l a b o r a t o r y a n d l i f e s t r e s s o r s . A f u r t h e r i m p l i c a t i o n o f v i t h e s e r e s u l t s i s t h a t d e c r e a s e d h e a d a c h e f o l l o w i n g f r o n t a l EMG b i o f e e d b a c k t r e a t m e n t i s t h e r e s u l t o f f a c t o r s o t h e r t h a n l e a r n i n g t o d e c r e a s e f r o n t a l EMG l e v e l s . I t r e m a i n s p o s s i b l e t h a t t h e r e a r e s u b g r o u p s o f m u s c l e c o n t r a c t i o n s h e a d a c h e s u f f e r e r s . H o w ev er , c h r o n i c i t y o f t h e p r o b l e m i s n o t a s s o c i a t e d w i t h f r o n t a l EMG l e v e l s . F u r t h e r m o r e , t h e s e f i n d i n g s a d d t o t h e b o d y o f l i t e r a t u r e s u g g e s t i n g t h a t EMG l e v e l s do n o t c o n t r i b u t e t o a n u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f t h e d i s o r d e r . I n t r o d u c t i o n F i v e t o 30 p e r c e n t o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s p o p u l a t i o n r e p o r t s h e a d a c h e s d u r i n g a n y g i v e n y e a r ( B e a t y & H a y n e s , 1 9 7 9 ; F e u e r s t e i n & G a i n e r , 1 9 8 2 ; O g d e n , 1 9 5 2 ) . As many a s 72 p e r c e n t w i t h i n n o n c l i n i c a l p o p u l a t i o n s r e p o r t h a v i n g h e a d a c h e s ( W a t e r s , 1 9 7 0 ) . M u s c l e c o n t r a c t i o n h e a d a c h e s a r e t h e m o s t f r e q u e n t l y r e p o r t e d ( B a k a l , 1 9 7 5 ; P lu m , 1 9 8 2 ; T a y l o r , 1 9 8 2 ) . One s u r v e y o f h e a d a c h e p a t i e n t s ( P h i l i p s , 1 9 7 7 a ) sh o w ed 77 p e r c e n t o f t h e women a n d 87 p e r c e n t o f t h e men d e s c r i b i n g t h i s t y p e o f h e a d a c h e . I t h a s b e e n s u g g e s t e d t h a t t h e b e s t e s t i m a t e o f t h e number o f m u s c l e c o n t r a c t i o n h e a d a c h e s u f f e r e r s i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s t o d a y i s 100 m i l l i o n ( B u d z y n s k i , 1 9 8 3 ) . M u s c l e C o n t r a c t i o n H e a d a c h e The A m e r i c a n M e d i c a l A s s o c i a t i o n ' s Ad Hoc C o m m i t t e e on t h e C l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f H e a d a c h e ( 1 9 6 2 ) i d e n t i f i e d 15 t y p e s o f h e a d a c h e . They s u g g e s t e d d i a g n o s t i c g u i d e l i n e s a n d b a s i c p a i n m e c h a n i s m s f o r e a c h t y p e o f h e a d a c h e . M u s c l e c o n t r a c t i o n h e a d a c h e was d e s c r i b e d a s Ache o r s e n s a t i o n s o f t i g h t n e s s , p r e s s u r e , o r c o n s t r i c t i o n , w i d e l y v a r i e d i n i n t e n s i t y , f r e q u e n c y , a n d d u r a t i o n , s o m e t i m e s l o n g l a s t i n g , a n d commonly s u b o c c i p i t a l . I t i s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h s u s t a i n e d c o n t r a c t i o n o f s k e l e t a l m u s c l e s i n t h e a b s e n c e o f p e r m a n e n t s t r u c t u r a l c h a n g e , u s u a l l y a s p a r t o f t h e i n d i v i d u a l ' s r e a c t i o n d u r i n g l i f e s t r e s s . The a m b i g u o u s a n d u n s a t i s f a c t o r y t e r m s " t e n s i o n , " " p s y c h o g e n i c , " a n d " n e r v o u s " h e a d a c h e l a r g e l y r e f e r t o t h i s g r o u p . ( p . 7 1 8 )

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Headache

دوره 26 7  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1986